Brazil

National Level
Gobierno Central
Intermediate/Regional Level
Estados 26
Distrito Federal 1
Local Level
Municipios 55
Governo de Estado (Estado)
Prefeitura
Cities
National Urban Policy
- National urban policy type:ExplicitPolicy temporality:Long-term
-
Brazil is a federative republic formed by the union of States and Municipalities and the Federal District, all with political, administrative and fiscal autonomy guaranteed by the Federal Constitution of 1988.
Brazilian municipalities enjoy considerable autonomy, even in fiscal matters. The municipality, as well as the Union, the States and the Federal District are authorized to impose taxes, fees for police power or the actual or potential use of specific and divisible public services, provided to the taxpayer or made available to them, and the contribution to the improvement resulting from public works. Examples of municipal taxes are the Urban Property Tax (IPTU), including the progressive IPTU over time, the Tax on Services of Any Nature (ISS), the Real Estate Transmission Tax (ITBI), as well as the municipal fees and the Contribution to Improvement.
In addition, municipalities also receive government revenue, mandatory and voluntary transfers, and can participate in public-private partnerships, credit operations, and decentralized international cooperation programs.
It is also worth noting that Brazil is recognized as one of the region's leaders in land value capture tools, even adopting explicit legislation in this regard. In this sense, the Granting of the Right to Build (OODC) and the Additional Construction Potential Certificates - CEPACs stand out for financing urban development.
-
Brasil es una república federal que se divide en tres niveles, el Gobierno Federal (la Unión), los Estados y los municipios. Brasil aprobó su Estatuto de la Ciudad en 2001, y el Ministerio de Ciudades fue creado en 2003 para coordinar las políticas urbanas y la inversión pública. Además, Brasil también cuenta con el Consejo Nacional de Ciudades y la Conferencia Nacional de Ciudades que fueron establecidos en 2004. La Unión convoca las Conferencias Nacionales, con el propósito de formular políticas urbanas en coordinación con la sociedad civil. El Consejo de Ciudades es el órgano asesor académico permanente del Ministerio de Ciudades que contribuye a la formulación, implementación y monitoreo de políticas inclusivas de múltiples niveles de la Política Nacional para el Desarrollo Urbano.